Osami Nakasugi

National Institute for Environmental Studies
(16-2 Onogawa Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305 Japan)

Abstract

In Japan, the remediation of contaminated soil and groundwater have been increasingly carried out. At the start, stabilization and solidification processes have been used for soils which were contaminated by heavy metals. Recently, in many cases soil vapour extraction and pumping up of groundwater are together used to remove volatile organic compounds from contaminated soil and groundwater. Excavation of contaminated soil or mixing of caustic lime with soil were also used in some cases. In most cases, more than one ton of volatile organic compounds were removed from soil and groundwater by vapour extraction, pumping up and so on. But, a greater volume of compounds was removed by positive uses of groundwater for various purposes. In order to promote the remediation of contaminated soil and groundwater, methods for accessing the risk caused by contaminated soil and groundwater must be developed.

Key words: soil contamination, groundwater contamination, remediation, soil vapour extraction, pumping up