Production Process of Mutagens in Landfill Site received Incineration Residue

Ayako Tachifuji*, Yasushi Matsufuji*, Masataka Hanashima* and Kazuko Miyano**
* Dept. of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Fukuoka University
** Dept. of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmasy, Fukuoka University
+ Correspondence should be addressed to Ayako Tachifuji:
(8-19-1 Nanakuma, Johnan-ku, Fukuoka 814-0180 Japan)

Abstract
Since the pollution of underground water by chemical substances, which are harmful to man, was found, some chemical substances such as pesticides and organic solvents have been added as control subjects of the Japanese environmental standard. The plasticizers and fire retardants of plastics were also detected in the underground water surrounding the landfill site and the safety evaluation of leachate became a public concern. Therefore, we selected a mutagen test as the detection method of harmful chemical substances, especially carcinogens, and researched the mutagenicity of leachate to clear the production process of mutagen in the landfill site.
The mutagenic activities of leachate from four lysimeters which have a different landfill type
and organic content were measured for 6 years. The results from this research are summarized as follows;
The more the landfill type is aerobic, the earlier the mutagen is produced. Moreover, the production of mutagens accompanied the biological nitrification and chemical reduction of nitrate. A positive sample of Ames assay with Salmonella typhimurium strain TA98 and TA100, which is a leachate sample taken from Lysimeter B after 2 months, also showed the mutagenic activities of YG1021, YG1024, YG1026 YG1029, YG1041 and YG1042, which were extremely sensitive to the mutagenic action of nitroarenes and aromatic amines. It suggests that one of the mutagens in leachate detected on the chemical reduction of nitrate in solid waste may be nitroarenes and aromatic amines.

Key words: landfill site, mutagenicity, incineration residue, leachate, production process